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Ten ways to help hedgehogs in your garden, from gardening safely to attracting hedgehogs with food and habitat
Despite being one of Britainâs best-loved mammals, hedgehogs are in alarming decline. Nearly half of the UK population has been lost in just 13 years. Previously a widespread garden visitor, this nocturnal native is now classed as vulnerable to extinction in the UK, with only an estimated 500,000 individuals left.
Contributing factors include habitat loss, invertebrate declines, road traffic and more intensive farming practices, with rural populations particularly in trouble. Sadly, hedgehogs are also very vulnerable to accidents on roads and in gardens, withestimated annual road casualty figures equal to arounda quarter of the total UK hedgehog population.
- Are there hedgehogs in my area? View interactive map
To make your garden hedgehog-friendly, the first step is to remove any hazards and ensure tasks such as strimming are carried out in a hedgehog-aware way. Once you have a safe environment, there are several ways you can attract hedgehogs into your garden to support and enjoy these adorable mammals.
Give hedgehogs a helping hand with these hedgehog-friendly gardening tips from RHSSenior Wildlife Specialist Helen Bostock.
How to make your garden safe for hedgehogs
1. Always check before strimming
Always check the whole area carefully before strimming, and cut long grass with care. Strimmers are one of the biggest causes of fatal or severely injuring hedgehog accidents, so even if you havenât noticed hedgehogs in your garden, always check thoroughly before cutting long grass.Be aware that this habitat can also be full of other creatures such as amphibians and smaller mammals.
If you have a robotic mower, check with the manufacturer that it has good safety precautions for preventing injury to hedgehogs. Find out more
Hedgehogs also like to take refuge in
Can refer to either home-made garden compost or seed/potting compost: ⢠Garden compost is a soil improver made from decomposed plant waste, usually in a compost bin or heap. It is added to soil to improve its fertility, structure and water-holding capacity. Seed or potting composts are used for growing seedlings or plants in containers - a wide range of commercially produced peat-free composts are available, made from a mix of various ingredients, such as loam, composted bark, coir and sand, although you can mix your own.
Thousands of hedgehogs suffer strimmer-related accidents each year
Thousands of hedgehogs suffer strimmer-related accidents each year
While hedgehogs are good swimmers, they will tire if they canât find an escape. Cover any drains with lids, and fit any steep-sides holes with a ramp to prevent these short-legged mammals from falling into a trap. Also fix a wildlife ramp into any steep-sided garden ponds so that hedgehogs can clamber to safety if they fall in.
- How to make a wildlife pond
3. Be bonfire aware
A bonfire pile seems like a five star hotel for a hibernating hedgehog, as well as attracting other wildlife such as frogs and newts. There are many more environmentally friendly ways of disposing of or re-using garden waste, including making habitat piles and dead hedges.
However, if you do decide to have a bonfire, wait until just before lighting to make the bonfire pile,or deconstruct, move and reconstruct the pile prior to lighting, checking through carefully for any sleepy hedgehogs. Then light fromjust one corner to give any remaining small wildlife an escape route.
Hedgehogs find quiet spots to hibernate from October or November through to March or April
Hedgehogs find quiet spots to hibernate from October or November through to March or April
Do a litter loop of your garden, removing any potential hazards that can entangle or ensnare hedgehogs and other wildlife. Loose plastic netting, old plastic compost bags and bailer
Twine is a soft, fine loosely woven string treated with preservatives for outdoor use. Used for tying in climbers and other plants to supports.
5. Avoid non-organic slug pellets
Dig around in the back of the garage or shed to make sure you donât have any old metadehyde-based slug pellets lurking there. These are now banned due to their high toxicity to wildlife, so must be disposed of safely at your nearest recycling centre.
Slugs and snails have many benefits in the garden, including enriching the hedgehog buffet.
- Managing slugs and snails
How to attract hedgehogs into your garden
1. Make a hedgehog highway
Hedgehogs roam up to 2km each night in search of food, shelter and mates, but gardens need to be connected to enable safe passage. Get pally with your neighbours to create a âhedgehog highwayâ, making CD-sized holes at the base of fences between gardens to allow hedgehogs to move freely around your neighbourhood.
2. Provide water
Put out a shallow bowl of water in your garden and keep this topped up during hot weather â hedgehogs get just as thirsty as birds, but canât source water so easily.
A constant supply of clean, fresh water is invaluable for many garden visitors, including hedgehogs
A constant supply of clean, fresh water is invaluable for many garden visitors, including hedgehogs
Build a pile of logs, twigs or leaves to create a larder of juicy grubs and beetles; the perfect menu items for hedgehogs. Hedgehogs are also more likely to be found in gardens that have compost heaps.
Plant hedges in place of fences to provide cover for hedgehogs and other animals who can shelter underneath. Hedgehog â itâs in the name!
Promoting a diversity of plants, particularly British natives such as hawthorn,blackthorn, dog rose and honeysuckle, not only benefits wider biodiversity but will also provide food plants for caterpillars; another favourite of hedgehogs.
- Plant a mixed native hedge for wildlife
â4. Provide food
Itâs worth providing some hedgehog food even if youâre not sure your garden is home to these prickly visitors. This is especially important in early autumn, when hedgehogs need to fatten up to get them through their long, cold winter hibernation.
Try putting out tinned meaty dog or cat food. If youâre worried about cats or foxes taking the food, place it inside an upturned box with an entrance hole cut out.
Setting up a night-time wildlife camera will help you keep track of which animals you attract.
© Helen Bostock
Hedgehog hibernating in a log pile at RHS Bridgewater
5. Install a hedgehog house
Install one or more hedgehog houses in your garden, tucking them into a nice sheltered spot such as behind the garden shed. Go for a design which has a âtunnel entranceâ or internal baffle to discourage predators, such as this one, and is made of FSC-certified timber or other sturdy sustainable materials.
Site your hedgehog house in a quiet, shady spot where it wonât be disturbed, preferably facing south or east. You can cover the roof with vegetation, leaves or logs
If you see a hedgehog, whether alive or deceased, help to improve population understanding and conservation efforts by logging your sighting on this UK-wide hedgehog map. Good luck!
About the author â Olivia Drake
With a background in biology, Olivia is passionate about sustainable horticulture and the role gardening can play in conservation. She is professionally trained as a botanical horticulturist and previously worked in public gardens around the UK and overseas.
